In recent years, summer heatwaves continued to occur in summer and influenced sediment properties in shallow lakes. The sediments located at the sediment-water interface (SWI) directly impact the lakes ecological health, due to its unique structural characteristics. In order to investigate the temperature effect on sediment structural properties, this study conducted sampling in Lake Gehu before and after high temperature, complemented by indoor simulation experiments. Firstly, sampling results indicated that elevated temperatures induce a decline in the density and yield stress of lake sediments, promoting the formation of fluid sediments (density < 1.25 g/cm3). Secondly, the simulation experiment also showed the same trend. As the temperature rose from 25 ℃ to 35 ℃, the density of sediments at the SWI displayed an exponentially decreasing trend from 1.244 g/cm3 to 1.229 g/cm3. Meanwhile, the increase in temperature led an increase of the sediment median size from the initial 17.22 μm to 21.16 μm, resulting in the flocculation and aggregation of sediment particles. Additionally, increasing temperatures resulted in a higher polysaccharide/protein ratio in extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs), which decreased the stability of sediments. Rheological tests and calculation of critical shear stress showed that the yield stress and critical shear stress of sediments exponentially decreased with increasing temperature. Overall, this study demonstrated that high temperatures can lead a loose and porous sediment structures with a threshold at 29 ℃, which can cause sediment particle resuspension and suspension. Overall, this study has deepened the understanding of the impact of rising temperatures on sediment properties, elucidated the response dynamics of fluid mud characteristics to its resuspension potential under elevated temperature conditions. It has provided an in-depth understanding of the characteristics of fluid sediments and their potential for resuspension.