| 本文已被：浏览 364次 下载 94次 |
|
|
|
| 江西省浅水湖泊大型底栖无脊椎动物多样性特征和影响因素 |
|
池仕运1, 邓燕青2, 胡菊香1, 刘恋2, 王瑞1, 陈斯芝2, 闵翔2, 胡愈炘3, 陈佳林4
|
|
1.水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所;2.江西省水文监测中心;3.生态环境部长江流域生态环境监督管理局生态环境监测与科学研究中心;4.生态环境部海河流域北海海域生态环境监督管理局生态环境监测与研究中心
|
|
| 摘要: |
| 2019年春秋两季，对江西省76个湖泊的底栖动物进行了调查，在分析其群落结构和多样性的基础上，探讨了多样性与环境因子间的关系，旨在找出影响底栖动物多样性的重要环境因子，为江西省湖泊的精准化管理提供科学依据和技术支持。两次调查共检出140个分类单元，以水生昆虫和软体动物为主，摇蚊类物种数占到了水生昆虫物种数的53.62%。典型的湖沼种和富营养指示种（长足摇蚊属一种和摇蚊属一种）为春秋两季的优势分类单元，湖沼典型种（长足摇蚊属一种、摇蚊属一种、环棱螺属一种、苏氏尾鳃蚓和霍甫水丝蚓）的丰度变化导致了群落结构的季节变化。底栖动物α多样性水平较低，基于PLSR和PLS-SEM分析结果表明，影响底栖动物多样性指标的环境因子既与藻类种群动态密切相关，也与水质状态有关。底栖动物多样性与藻类种群状态存在稳定的联系，不受季节因素的影响，过高的藻类丰度不利于底栖动物多样性的提高，而较好的水质状况有利于底栖动物多样性的提高。为保护江西省湖泊底栖动物资源，应在具有渔业养殖功能的湖泊和城镇湖泊中进行水生植物的修复工作，使藻型湖泊向草型湖泊方向演化；对一些富营养化程度较高的水体进行系统治理，控制面源污染，促进传统渔业养殖模型向生态渔业模式转换，并有针对性的开展一些生态修复措施；应在控制藻类和改善水质的基础上，增强湖泊的连通性和水体交换能力，充分发挥自然修复功效。 |
| 关键词: 藻类种群动态 α多样性 富营养化 PLSR分析 PLS-SEM分析 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:江西省水利厅重点科技项目（编号202224ZDKT03）、国家自然科学基金委员会区域创新发展联合基金重点支持项目（U21A2002）、生物多样性调查评估项目（2019HJ2096001006）和国家自然科学基金（编号51779158,51279112,51409178） |
|
| Macroinvertebrate diversity related to environmental factors in lakes of Jiangxi Province |
|
池,Deng Yanqing,HU Juxiang,LIU lian,WANG Rui,CHEN Sizhi,MIN Xiang,HU Yuxin,CHEN Jialin
|
|
Jiangxi Hydrological Monitoring Center
|
| Abstract: |
| In the spring and autumn seasons of 2019, two surveys were conducted on the macroinvertebrates of 76 lakes in Jiangxi Province. Based on the analysis of their communities and diversity, the relationship between diversity and environmental factors was explored. The aim was to identify the important environmental factors influencing macroinvertebrate diversity and provide scientific basis and technical support for the precise management of lakes in Jiangxi Province. A total of 140 taxa were identified in the two surveys, with aquatic insects and mollusks being the main groups, and the number of chironomid species accounted for 53.62% of the total aquatic insect species. Typical lake species and eutrophication indicator species (Chironomus sp. , Tanypus sp.) were the dominant in both spring and autumn seasons. The abundance variation of typical lake species (Chironomus sp., Tanypus sp., Bellamya sp., Branchiura sowerbyi, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri) led to seasonal changes in community structure. The alpha diversity of macroinvertebrates was relatively low. Based on the results of PLSR and PLS-SEM analyses, the environmental factors influencing macroinvertebrate diversity were closely related to algal population dynamics and water quality status. There was a stable relationship between macroinvertebrate diversity and algal population dynamics, which was not influenced by seasonal factors. High algal abundance was detrimental to the improvement of macroinvertebrate diversity, while good water quality conditions were favorable for enhancing macroinvertebrate diversity. To protect the macroinvertebrate resources in lakes of Jiangxi Province, restoration of aquatic vegetation should be carried out in lakes with fish farming functions and urban lakes, transitioning from algal-dominated lakes to macrophyte-dominated lakes. Systematic management should be implemented in highly eutrophic water bodies to control non-point source pollution, promote the transformation from traditional fish farming models to ecological fishery models, and undertake targeted ecological restoration measures. In addition to controlling algae and improving water quality, enhancing the connectivity and water exchange capacity of lakes and fully utilizing natural restoration processes should be emphasized. |
| Key words: algal population dynamics α-diversity eutrophication PLSR PLS-SEM |
