| 摘要: |
| 白洋淀作为雄安新区生态腹心，其水环境保护受到高度重视，陆续实施了上游水库调水、南水北调中线补水和引黄济淀补水等措施，构建形成了多源补水的新格局，水环境整体状况得到显著改善，但其长期受到人类高强度开发活动的影响，淀区地形复杂多变，致使其仍存在局部水域流通不畅、水体交换较差等顽疾，因此探明换水周期和污染传输的特征和规律对白洋淀水环境治理意义重大。本文利用实测数据构建了白洋淀水动力模型，模拟计算了不同季节换水周期和示踪剂传输时间，分析了二者的时空分布差异，探明了白洋淀换水周期和污染传输的特征和规律。结果表明：白洋淀换水周期具明显的时空间差异，空间上，淀区东北和西南部的水域换水周期均大于300d，淀区中部大部分水域换水周期均大于200d，淀区南部和东南部水域都维持在100~200d，河流入口和河道水域换水周期均低于50d；时间上，夏季和秋季换水周期大于300d的水域面积最小，占比均低于3%，换水周期小于200d的水域面积最大，占比均高于65%，整体换水能力要显著优于冬春两季。示踪剂传输时间也存在较大的时空差异，空间上，淀区南部孝义河和引黄济淀入口示踪剂传输时间最长，均值为310d和275d，北部白沟引河入口和西部的府河入口示踪剂传输时间相对较短，均值为240d和202d；时间上，白洋淀夏季和秋季的示踪剂传输时间明显低于春季和冬季，水体流动较快，交换和循环的状况最好。本文研究结果可为白洋淀水环境治理和水生态恢复提供重要科学参考。 |
| 关键词: 雄安新区 多源补水 白洋淀 换水周期 传输时间 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:广东海洋大学科研启动费资助项目-面向水质改善的湿地水系网络构建与优化研究 |
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| Research on spatiotemporal characteristics of water renewal cycle and tracer transport time in Baiyangdian wetland under multi-source water supply pattern |
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Tian Kai1, Zhao Yanwei2, bai jie3, Pu Zaohong2, Zhang Qilong2
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1.Faculty Of Chemistry And Environment Science,Guangdong Ocean University;2.School of Environment,Beijing Normal University;3.Tianjin River Chief System Affairs Center (Tianjin Water Administration Supervision Affairs Center)
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| Abstract: |
| As the ecological heart of the Xiongan New Area, the protection of Baiyangdian Wetland water environment has been a priority. Various measures have been implemented, including water transfers from upstream reservoirs, supplementation via the South-to-North Water Diversion Project"s middle route, and the Yellow River Diversion to Baiyangdian, creating a new pattern of multi-source water supply. These efforts have significantly improved the overall condition of the water environment. However, due to the long-term impacts of intensive human activities and the complex and varied topography of the region, Baiyangdian Wetland still faces challenges such as poor water circulation in certain areas and seasonal. Therefore, understanding the characteristics and patterns of water renewal cycle and pollutant transport is crucial for the effective management of Baiyangdian Wetland water environment. This study constructed a hydrodynamic model of Baiyangdian Wetland using measured data to simulate water renewal cycle and tracer transport time across different seasons. The temporal and spatial distribution differences were analyzed to reveal the characteristics and patterns of water renewal and pollutant transport in Baiyangdian Wetland. The results indicate that there are significant spatial and temporal variations in water renewal cycle. Spatially, the water renewal cycle in the northeastern and southwestern regions of Baiyangdian Wetland exceed 300 days, while most areas in the central region have renewal cycles longer than 200 days. The southern and southeastern regions maintain renewal cycles between 100 and 200 days, whereas river inlets and channels exhibit renewal cycle of less than 50 days. Temporally, the areas with renewal cycles exceeding 300 days are smallest in summer and autumn, accounting for less than 3% of the total area, while areas with renewal cycles under 200 days are largest, accounting for more than 65%, indicating better overall renewal capacity in these seasons compared to winter and spring. Similarly, there are considerable spatial and temporal variations in tracer transport times. The longest tracer transport times occur at the Xiaoyi River in the southern region and the Yellow River Diversion to Baiyangdian inlet, with average times of 310 days and 275 days, respectively. In contrast, the shortest transport times are observed at the Baigou River inlet in the north and the Fu River inlet in the west, with averages of 240 days and 202 days, respectively. Temporally, tracer transport times in Baiyangdian Wetland are significantly shorter in summer and autumn than in spring and winter, reflecting faster water movement and better exchange and circulation during these seasons. The findings of this study provide important scientific references for the management of Baiyangdian Wetland water environment and the restoration of its aquatic ecosystem. |
| Key words: Xiong |
