| 摘要: |
| 白洋淀是中国华北平原重要的浅水湖泊，历史上白洋淀周边分布大量制药厂和水产养殖厂，抗生素污染较为普遍。近年来白洋淀流域实施了强有力的污染治理工作，水环境质量明显改善，但水体中长期累积的抗生素的空间分布变化及其潜在生态风险研究甚少。本研究利用超高效液相色谱—串联质谱技术对白洋淀不同功能区上覆水体和沉积物中的喹诺酮类、磺胺类和大环内酯类等3类13种抗生素进行检测，通过科学赋权方法——G1评价法计算了抗生素污染指数，利用生态风险熵方法评价了典型抗生素的潜在生态风险。研究结果表明，白洋淀上覆水抗生素含量范围为15.52 ~256.72ng/L，沉积物中抗生素含量范围为0.63 ~58.56 ng/g，大环内酯类及喹诺酮类抗生素为主要的抗生素污染类型。上覆水中主要抗生素种类为环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、罗红霉素和磺胺嘧啶，沉积物中的主要抗生素种类为氧氟沙星。从抗生素在白洋淀的空间分布来看，府河入淀区的上覆水和沉积物中的抗生素含量范围浓度显著高于其他区域。停止水产养殖后，白洋淀水体中和沉积物中的抗生素污染情况改善明显，白洋淀上游的城镇污水处理厂尾水等再生水为淀区抗生素的主要污染来源。生态风险评价结果表明，环丙沙星、恩诺沙星和氧氟沙星对白洋淀生态环境具有较高风险。 |
| 关键词: 白洋淀 抗生素 赋存特征 生态风险 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发项目：流域水沙营养物源头协同控制与生态修复关键技术及应用示范（2022YFC3204000） |
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| Occurrence and ecological risk assessment of antibiotics in overlying water and sediment of different regions in Baiyangdian Lake |
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shenxian, lixixi, renhaoyu, lihe, jiangxia
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National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration of Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| Abstract：Baiyangdian, a prominent shallow lake in the North China Plain, has historically been surrounded by numerous pharmaceutical factories and aquaculture facilities, leading to widespread antibiotic contamination. Although the implementation of pollution control measures in recent years has resulted in notable improvements in water quality, limited research has been conducted on the spatial distribution of long-term accumulated antibiotics and their potential ecological risks. To better understand the historical impacts, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was utilized to investigate the occurrence characteristic of antibiotics in the aquatic environment, G1 evaluation method was employed to establish an antibiotic pollution assessment system and calculate the antibiotic pollution index, ecological risk entropy method was applied to evaluate the potential environmental risks of the typical antibiotics. This study focuses on the distribution patterns of 13 antibiotics, representing three classes—quinolones, sulfonamides, and macrolides—across four typical functional zones of Baiyangdian, following the prohibition of aquaculture activities. The results revealed that the total antibiotic concentration in the overlying water of Baiyangdian ranged from 15.52 to 256.72 ng/L, while the antibiotic concentration in the sediment ranged from 0.63 to 58.56 ng/g. Macrolides and quinolones were identified as the dominant types of antibiotic pollutants. Spatially, the total antibiotic concentration in overlying water was significantly higher in the Fuhe River inflow region compared to other regions, the dominant antibiotics in the surface water were ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, roxithromycin, and sulfamethazine, while the dominant antibiotics in the sediment were ofloxacin. The antibiotic pollution assessment system was found to be accurate. An in-depth study was conducted on the distribution of antibiotics across different functional zones. The results showed that antibiotic contamination in Baiyangdian significantly improved after the cessation of aquaculture. The risk assessment indicated that ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, and ofloxacin represent a relatively high ecological risk to the Baiyangdian ecosystem. This study provides scientific evidence for restoring and managing the ecosystem functions in the Baiyangdian. |
| Key words: Baiyangdian lake antibiotics occurrence ecological risk |
