| 摘要: |
| 本文回顾了微囊藻毒素(MC,一种最常见而重要的蓝藻毒素)对人类健康影响相关的研究.迄今为止的一些重要历史事件包括:(1)1990年,科学家首次发现,MC进入肝细胞后,能强烈地抑制蛋白磷酸酶(PP1、PP2A)的活性,这是MC致毒的最重要的分子基础;(2)1996年,在巴西发生了肾透析用水被MC(-LR、-YR和-AR)污染导致52人死亡的严重事件;(3)中国南方原发性肝癌的高发病率被认为与饮水中的MC污染有关;(4)1998年,世界卫生组织提出了饮用水中MC-LR含量的临时指导值为1μg/L;(5)从巢湖的专业渔民血液中检测出MCs,并发现长期的低剂量慢性暴露引起了一定程度的肝损伤.微囊藻毒素对人类健康的影响证据确凿,不容忽视,尤其是在富营养化越演越烈、有毒蓝藻水华肆虐的今天. |
| 关键词: 蓝藻水华 微囊藻毒素 人类健康 肝损伤 |
| DOI：10.18307/2009.0501 |
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| A review on the studies related to the effects of microcystins on human health |
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XIE Ping
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Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China
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| Abstract: |
| This paper reviewed on the studies on the effects oh microcystins on human health. So far, there have been severalimportant historical events related with this. First, scientists revealed for the first time that microcystins could potently inhibit proteinphosphatase 1 and 2A in 1990, which was the most important molecular basis for the toxicity of microcystins. Second, humanintoxications by MCs (-LR, -YR and -AR) caused deaths of 52 patients at Caruaru dialysis centers in Brazil in 1996. Third, highincidence of primary liver cancer in southeast of China was related with MC contamination of drinking waters. Fourth, World HealthOrganization provided a provisional guideline value of 1 μg/L for drinking water in 1998. Recently, microcystins were identified forthe first time in the serum of a chronically exposed human population (fishermen at Lake Chaohu, South China) together withindication of hepatocellular damage. Conclusively, there have been substantial evidences to indicate the harmful influences ofmicrocystins on human health, and therefore the toxic effects of microcystins on human being can not be ignored especially innowadays with ever-increasing eutrophication and frequent occurrence of toxic cyanobacterial blooms. |
| Key words: Cyanobacterial blooms microcystins human health hepatocellular damage |
