| 引用本文: | 毛志刚,谷孝鸿,曾庆飞,周露洪,孙明波.太湖渔业资源现状(2009-2010年)及与水体富营养化关系浅析.湖泊科学,2011,23(6):967-973. DOI:10.18307/2011.0621 |
| MAO Zhigang,GU Xiaohong,ZENG Qingfei,ZHOU Luhong,SUN Mingbo.Status and changes of fishery resources(2009-2010) in Lake Taihu and their responses to water eutrophication. J. Lake Sci.2011,23(6):967-973. DOI:10.18307/2011.0621 |
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| 太湖渔业资源现状(2009-2010年)及与水体富营养化关系浅析 |
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毛志刚1,2, 谷孝鸿1, 曾庆飞1, 周露洪1,2, 孙明波1,2
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1.中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008;2.中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049
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| 摘要: |
| 根据2009-2010年的太湖鱼类资源调查, 结合历年渔业资料和水环境监测数据, 分析太湖渔业资源的发展趋势和结构特征.结果表明:本次调查共采集到鱼类47种, 隶属10目14科37属, 原常见鱼类种类数明显减少, 鲤科等定居性鱼类成为主体;同时, 太湖渔业产量近年来增长迅速, 渔获物中湖鲚等小型鱼类比重增加, 渔业资源的单一化和小型化趋势加剧.根据湖泊水体环境特征的空间差异, 对太湖东部湖区、北部湖区和湖心区3个不同类型湖区间的渔业资源特征进行比较.其中在北部湖区和湖心区, 浮游食性的湖鲚成为绝对优势种, 2008年其产量分别占湖区总产量的70.7%和80.4%, 其他主要鱼类所占比重仅为0.2%-3.0%;而东部湖区草食性和肉食性鱼类的比例较高, 鱼类结构相对合理, 不同湖区间渔获物的组成差别反映出湖区鱼类组成与环境特征相适应的特点.针对太湖渔业资源与水体富营养化关系进行探讨, 提出需加强渔业与湖泊环境功能之间关系的研究, 重视水生植被在太湖渔业可持续发展中作用的建议。 |
| 关键词: 太湖 渔业资源 渔获物组成 水体富营养化 |
| DOI：10.18307/2011.0621 |
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| 基金项目:环保部环保公益项目科研专项项目(201009014);江苏省自然科学基金重点项目(BK2010096);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2008CB418104)联合资助 |
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| Status and changes of fishery resources(2009-2010) in Lake Taihu and their responses to water eutrophication |
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MAO Zhigang1,2, GU Xiaohong1, ZENG Qingfei1, ZHOU Luhong1,2, SUN Mingbo1,2
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1.State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P.R.China;2.Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R.China
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| Abstract: |
| Based on the historic data of fish catches and an investigation on fish assemblage from 2009 to 2010 in Lake Taihu, the dynamic variation of fishery resources and their responses to water eutrophication were analyzed.Results showed that only 47 spe-cies (belonging to 37 genera, 14 families and 10 orders) were recorded in Lake Taihu, the common species of fish were decreased and the fishes of Cyprinidae became the major community.The total fishery yield in the lake had increased rapidly in recent years, and the percentage of small fishes, such as Coilia ectenes taihuensis, had increased in fish catches;however, the percentage of oth-er large fishes, such as Culter alburnus, had decreased rapidly.Because of water eutrophication and imbalance of the fishery struc-ture, the tendency of smaller-scale fishery was more obvious.Compared with fishery resources of the eastern lake area, northern lake area and center area of Lake Taihu, the results showed that Coilia ectenes taihuensis had become the dominant specie in the northern lake area and center area, with the percentage of its fish catches reaching 70.7% and 80.4%, respectively.But the per-centage of carnivorous fishes and herbivorous fishes was relatively high in the eastern lake area.Such obvious differences among the compositions of catches in different lake regions reflected the influence of environmental factors on the compositions of fish catches.Based on the relationship between water eutrophication and fishery of Lake Taihu, some strategies were suggested, such as strength-ening the studies on relation of fishery and water environment and paying attention to the effect of aquatic plants on sustainable de-velopment of fishery. |
| Key words: Lake Taihu fishery resources composition of fish catches water eutrophication |
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