| 引用本文: | 李秋华,高廷进,孟博,闫海鱼,商立海,冯新斌,刘送平,张垒,何天容.贵州高原水库冬季浮游植物中汞及甲基汞分布特征.湖泊科学,2014,26(1):92-100. DOI:10.18307/2014.0111 |
| LI Qiuhua,GAO Tingjin,MENG Bo,YAN Haiyu,SHANG Lihai,FENG Xinbin,LIU Songping,ZHANG Lei,HE Tianrong.Distribution characteristics of mercury and methylmercury in phytoplankton at Guizhou Plateau reservoirs in winter. J. Lake Sci.2014,26(1):92-100. DOI:10.18307/2014.0111 |
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| 贵州高原水库冬季浮游植物中汞及甲基汞分布特征 |
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李秋华1, 高廷进1, 孟博2, 闫海鱼2, 商立海2, 冯新斌2, 刘送平1, 张垒1, 何天容3
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1.贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境信息系统和生态环境保护重点实验室, 贵阳 550001;2.中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室, 贵阳 550002;3.贵州大学喀斯特环境与地质灾害防治教育部重点实验室, 贵阳 550003
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| 摘要: |
| 为了解贵州高原水库浮游植物中汞和甲基汞的分布特征及浮游植物对汞及甲基汞的富集特点,于2012年12月对贵州省的5座高原水库中浮游植物和汞形态进行采样调查.研究结果表明:冬季贵州高原水库浮游植物群落主要是由硅藻组成,5座水库浮游植物丰度有明显差异.百花湖大坝处浮游植物丰度最高,为29.05×104 cells/L;三板溪水库浮游植物丰度最低,仅为0.49×104 cells/L.浮游植物中总汞和甲基汞的浓度分别在29.29~277.07 ng/g和1.12~10.93 ng/g之间,总汞含量以百花湖岩脚寨最高,甲基汞含量以百花湖大坝最高.总汞和甲基汞在浮游植物中的生物富集系数分别在1.42×104~9.78×104和3.10×104~4.43×105之间.在浮游植物富集无机汞及甲基汞的系数中,百花湖中浮游植物对无机汞生物富集系数最高,而红枫湖中浮游植物对甲基汞的生物富集系数最高.浮游植物种类组成不同对汞及甲基汞的生物富集有影响.浮游植物中的总汞与水体中的总汞、甲基汞和溶解态甲基汞都存在显著的相关关系,浮游植物中的甲基汞与水体中的总汞及甲基汞不存在显著相关性.甲基汞在浮游植物中富集不是简单的吸收,存在着影响甲基汞在浮游植物中富集的其它因素.浮游植物中的甲基汞与水体富营养化环境因子(透明度、总氮、硝氮)均呈负相关关系,表明水体富营养化的程度不同对浮游植物中的甲基汞浓度有影响. |
| 关键词: 浮游植物 汞 甲基汞 高原水库 阿哈水库 百花湖 红枫湖 万峰湖 三板溪水库 |
| DOI：10.18307/2014.0111 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41163005,41273099,41063006);国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"前期项目(2012CB426506);黔科合人才团队项目(20134024)联合资助 |
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| Distribution characteristics of mercury and methylmercury in phytoplankton at Guizhou Plateau reservoirs in winter |
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LI Qiuhua1, GAO Tingjin1, MENG Bo2, YAN Haiyu2, SHANG Lihai2, FENG Xinbin2, LIU Songping1, ZHANG Lei1, HE Tianrong3
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1.Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Area and Protection of Ecological Environment of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, P. R. China;2.State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, P. R. China;3.Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard Prevention, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550003, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| To understand the distribution characteristic and bioaccumulation factors(BAF) of total mercury(THg) and methylmercury(MeHg) in phytoplankton at Guizhou Plateau reservoirs, southwest of China. The phytoplankton and water samples were investigated at five reservoirs in the winter of 2012. The results showed that diatom was the dominant algae at Guizhou Plateau reservoirs in winter and phytoplankton abundance had obvious difference at the five reservoirs. The maximum phytoplankton abundance was about 29.05×104 cells/L at Lake Baihua dam, and the minimum only 0.49×104 cells/L at Sanbanxi Reservoir. The concentrations of THg and MeHg in phytoplankton were 29.29-277.07 ng/g(dry) and 1.12-10.93 ng/g(dry), respectively. The maximum concentrations of THg and MeHg in phytoplankton was at Lake Baihua. The BAF of THg and MeHg in phytoplankton were 1.42×104-9.78×104 and 3.10×104-4.43×105, respectively. The maximum BAF in phytoplankton of THg was at Lake Baihua. The maximum BAF of MeHg in phytoplankton was at Lake Hongfeng. There was different effect on biological enrichment of mercury and methylmercury for different phytoplankton species composition. There were significant positive correlations between MeHg in phytoplankton and THg, MeHg, dissolved MeHg (DMeHg) in water. No significant correlation was found between MeHg in phytoplankton and the THg, DMeHg in water. MeHg was not only absorbed by phytoplankton. There were other factors influencing Me-Hg concentration in phytoplankton inevitably. There were significant negative correlations between MeHg in phytoplankton and environmental factors (SD, TN, NO3--N). The degree of eutrophication had effects on MeHg concentration in phytoplankton. |
| Key words: Phytoplankton mercury methylmercury plateau reservoirs Aha Reservoir Lake Baihua Lake Hongfeng Lake Wanfeng Sanbanxi Reservoir |
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