| 引用本文: | 徐晓梅,吴雪,何佳,王丽,张英,杨艳,陈云波,叶海云.滇池流域水污染特征(1988-2014年)及防治对策.湖泊科学,2016,28(3):476-484. DOI:10.18307/2016.0302 |
| XU Xiaomei,WU Xue,HE Jia,WANG Li,ZHANG Ying,YANG Yan,CHEN Yunbo,YE Haiyun.Research on the pollution characteristics of Dianchi watershed(1988-2014) and identification of countermeasures. J. Lake Sci.2016,28(3):476-484. DOI:10.18307/2016.0302 |
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| 摘要: |
| 为明确滇池流域水污染特征并提出有针对性的污染控制对策,对流域污染变化规律及其组成和空间分布特征进行分析.研究表明,近二三十年,滇池流域点源污染负荷的产生量和削减量显著增加,入湖量有所削减;城市面源入湖量随建成区面积的扩张而持续上升;农业面源入湖量在1990s出现峰值,随后下降.目前,滇池流域化学需氧量主要来源于城市面源;总氮主要来自污水处理厂尾水;总磷主要来自农业面源和未收集的点源;各控制单元入湖污染负荷已基本演变为以未收集的点源和城市面源为主.针对流域目前存在的问题,应继续坚持点源污染治理,高度重视城市面源污染治理,加强农业面源治理,进一步完善流域截污治污体系,为滇池水质改善创造条件. |
| 关键词: 滇池流域 污染特征 组成 空间分布 问题 对策 |
| DOI：10.18307/2016.0302 |
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| 基金项目:国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07102)资助. |
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| Research on the pollution characteristics of Dianchi watershed(1988-2014) and identification of countermeasures |
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XU Xiaomei, WU Xue, HE Jia, WANG Li, ZHANG Ying, YANG Yan, CHEN Yunbo, YE Haiyun
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Kunming Institute of Environmental Science, Kunming 650032, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| In order to understand the pollution characteristics of Dianchi watershed and to propose targeted countermeasures, the study investigated the variation of pollutant load into Lake Dianchi as well as the composition and spatial distribution characteristics. The result showed that the generated and reduced amounts of point source pollutant increased continually during 1988 and 2014, and the discharged amount was decreased. The pollutant load of urban non-point source grew as a result of the expansion of built-up areas. The pollutant load of agricultural non-point source peaked in the 1990s and then decreased. In the Dianchi watershed, COD was mainly from urban non-point source, total nitrogen was mainly from effluent of wastewater treatment plants, and total phosphorus was mainly from agriculture non-point source and point source but without the pollutant collection. Urban non-point source and non-collected point source had become the main sources of pollutants for most watershed sections. To solve the pollution problems of the Dianchi watershed, the local government should persist in point-source control, pay high attention to urban non-point source control and make good effort in agriculture non-point source control, so as to build a sound pollutant collection and treatment system. |
| Key words: Dianchi watershed pollution characteristics composition spatial distribution problems countermeasures |
