| 引用本文: | 鲁文艳,李恒鹏,吴志旭,于兴修,陈东强.千岛湖流域下游工业污染的行业组成结构与优化管理策略.湖泊科学,2017,29(2):317-325. DOI:10.18307/2017.0207 |
| LU Wenyan,LI Hengpeng,WU Zhixu,YU Xingxiu,CHEN Dongqiang.Industry pollution structure and the optimal management strategy in lower reaches of Lake Qiandao Basin. J. Lake Sci.2017,29(2):317-325. DOI:10.18307/2017.0207 |
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| 摘要: |
| 工业污染作为重要的污染源，了解工业污染的行业结构组成以及企业污染状况对污染减排以及水环境保护具有重要作用.2015年国家出台的“水污染防治行动计划”明确提出，要通过产业结构调整狠抓工业污染减排.千岛湖作为国家级战略水源地，被列入国家良好湖库保护战略首批试点，评价千岛湖地区的工业污染行业结构对制定工业行业调整方案和企业管理制度具有重要的意义.选取千岛湖流域下游行政区淳安县为研究区，采用不同工业行业的180家主要排污企业，在工业行业污染结构分析的基础上，选取经济贡献、污染产生强度和治理水平三方面的关键指标，运用聚类分析法对行业和企业进行综合类型划分.结果表明：在涉及CODMn排放的19类工业行业中纺织业、饮料制造业和金属制品业为支柱产业，饮料制造业和纺织业为主要污染行业，现状工业行业结构存在一定的结构性污染问题；结合不同行业和企业的经济贡献、污染物产生强度以及治理效率的综合分析，将行业划分为6类，并根据各类型特点提出重点发展、鼓励发展、限制发展的行业优化策略；企业划分为4类，并提出重点支持、鼓励、限制发展以及逐渐关停的企业监管策略.通过对工业行业和企业的分类与评价可为其它地区提供借鉴，同时有利于为“水污染防治行动计划”的落实提供技术方法指导. |
| 关键词: 行业污染 企业 聚类分析 优化策略 千岛湖流域 |
| DOI：10.18307/2017.0207 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41271500）、中国科学院重点部署项目（KZZD-EW-10-04）、中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所“一三五”重点布署项目（NIGLAS2012135005）和浙江省淳安县环境保护局科研项目联合资助. |
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| Industry pollution structure and the optimal management strategy in lower reaches of Lake Qiandao Basin |
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LU Wenyan1,2, LI Hengpeng2, WU Zhixu3, YU Xingxiu1, CHEN Dongqiang2
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1.College of Resource and Environment, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China;2.State Key Laboratory of Basin Geography, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China;3.Chunan Environmental Protection Bureau, Hangzhou 311700, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| Industry pollution is an important pollution source. It is important to understand the effects of pollution structure and enterprise pollution conditions on water environment. The "water pollution prevention action planning" launched in 2015 clearly put forward that industrial pollution emissions must be reduced through adjusting the industrial structure vigorously. As a national-level drinking water source, the Lake Qiandao was taken as one of pilot areas to pursue the good water quality of lakes and reservoirs. It is of important significance to evaluate the industrial pollution composition of Lake Qiandao Basin and develop industry adjustment scheme and enterprise management system. This study selected 180 enterprises which have large CODMn emissions in lower reaches of Lake Qiandao Basin. Based on the analysis of the pollution structure of the industrial sector, taking the indexes of economic contribution, pollution intensity,and level of governance as key indicators,industries and enterprises were classified using the cluster analysis. The results indicate that the textile industry, beverage manufacturing industry and metal products industry were the pillar industries, and the beverage manufacturing industry and textile industry were the major polluting industries in relation to the CODMn emissions of 19 types of industries. It is apparent that the present industry structure has a big structural pollution problem. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the economic contribution, generation of pollutants strength and governance efficiency of different industries and enterprises,the industry is divided into six categories. Each category was proposed with the optimization strategies for key development, encouraging development, or restricting development. Enterprises were divided into four types and the corresponding enterprise regulatory strategies were proposed for supporting, encouraging, or restricting the development, and even being gradually shut down. Classification and evaluation of industry and enterprises provide a reference for other regions, and also provide technical guidance to conduct the "water pollution prevention action plan". |
| Key words: Industry pollution enterprise cluster analysis optimization strategy Lake Qiandao Basin |
