| 引用本文: | 周卢茜,裘钱玲琳,唐剑锋,徐耀阳,潘军标,王小德.城市湖泊春季绿藻水华特征及其影响因素——以宁波月湖为例.湖泊科学,2019,31(4):1023-1034. DOI:10.18307/2019.0422 |
| ZHOU Luxi,QIU Qianlinglin,TANG Jianfeng,XU Yaoyang,PAN Junbiao,WANG Xiaode.Characteristics of spring green algae blooms and their influencing factors in an urban lake, Moon Lake in Ningbo City, China. J. Lake Sci.2019,31(4):1023-1034. DOI:10.18307/2019.0422 |
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| 城市湖泊春季绿藻水华特征及其影响因素——以宁波月湖为例 |
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周卢茜1, 裘钱玲琳2,3, 唐剑锋2,3, 徐耀阳2,3, 潘军标4, 王小德1
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1.浙江农林大学风景园林与建筑学院, 杭州 311300;2.中国科学院城市环境研究所城市环境与健康重点实验室, 厦门 361021;3.中国科学院宁波城市环境观测研究站, 宁波 315800;4.宁波天河水生态科技股份有限公司, 宁波 315012
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| 摘要: |
| 城市湖泊富营养化问题日趋严峻，以往对水华的研究多集中于大型自然淡水湖库，而对小型城市浅水湖泊的水华动态相对较少.以宁波月湖为研究对象，探讨水华暴发期间浮游植物变化特征及与影响因子之间的关系，以期判别影响城市湖泊水华的主控因子.月湖水华期间营养盐水平处于中富营养至极端富营养之间，此次共检出浮游植物8门61属，藻种组成以绿藻门（51.79%）和硅藻门（21.43%）为主，各点位浮游植物生长主要受水温、光照驱动，经历了隐藻门→硅藻门→绿藻门→蓝藻门的演替.水华种为雷氏衣藻（Chlamydomonas reinhardtii），总藻密度最高达到1.55×108 cells/L，水华暴发后各点位衣藻属比例升高（最高达到81.10%），群落结构呈现单一化特征.通过Pearson相关性分析和RDA分析发现衣藻属生长与水温、pH、总磷浓度均呈显著正相关，春季气温回升、天气持续晴好，城市浅水湖泊高营养盐负荷、水体流动性差等特点为带鞭毛的衣藻属提供了适宜的生存条件，在环境条件均适宜的情况下拥有最大生长潜力的衣藻属在营养盐、光照等竞争中生长速率明显优于其他藻种，从而发生绿藻水华. |
| 关键词: 浮游植物 城市湖泊 月湖 绿藻水华 影响因子 |
| DOI：10.18307/2019.0422 |
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| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFE0119000）和中国科学院城市环境与健康重点实验室项目（KLUEH-C-201701）联合资助. |
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| Characteristics of spring green algae blooms and their influencing factors in an urban lake, Moon Lake in Ningbo City, China |
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ZHOU Luxi1, QIU Qianlinglin2,3, TANG Jianfeng2,3, XU Yaoyang2,3, PAN Junbiao4, WANG Xiaode1
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1.School of Landscape Achitecture, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, P. R. China;2.Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China;3.Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, P. R. China;4.Ningbo Tianhe Aquatic Ecosystems Engineering Co. Ltd, Ningbo 315012, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| Eutrophication of urban lakes is a growing threat. Previous studies on algal blooms have focused on large natural freshwater reservoirs, but the dynamics of algal blooms in small urban shallow lakes are largely unknown. To identify the key factors affecting algal blooms in urban lakes, this paper analyzed the characteristics of phytoplankton variation and the relationship between phytoplankton and contributing factors in a typical urban lake, Moon Lake in Ningbo, China. During the bloom, the nutrient level of Moon Lake was between moderately eutrophication and extreme eutrophication. A total of 61 genera of phytoplankton belonging to 8 phyla were found and were dominated by Chlorophyta (51.79%) and Bacillariophyta (21.43%). The results showed that water temperature and light were found to be the main factors for phytoplankton growth, which was characterized by a succession of Cryptophyta, Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii caused the bloom and had a population density as high as 1.55×108 cells/L. As algae density increased, the proportion of Chlamydomonas spp. increased (reached 81.10%), while the species numbers and community stability of the phytoplankton decreased. The subsequent Pearson correlation analysis and redundancy analysis also demonstrated that the growth of Chlamydomonas was positively correlated with water temperature, pH and total phosphorus. Rising temperature in the spring season, continuous sunny weather, high nutrient loads in urban shallow lakes and poor fluidity of water body helped create suitable living conditions for Chlamydomonas spp. with flagellum. Under these circumstances, the Chlamydomonas spp. with the greatest growth potential outnumbered other algae species in the competition of nutrients, light and other resources, resulting in the green algae blooms. |
| Key words: Phytoplankton urban lake Moon Lake green algae bloom influencing factors |
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