| 引用本文: | 杨卓媛,夏军强,周美蓉,万占伟.黄河尾闾段一维耦合水沙数学模型研究及其应用.湖泊科学,2019,31(6):1726-1737. DOI:10.18307/2019.0601 |
| YANG Zhuoyuan,XIA Junqiang,ZHOU Meirong,WAN Zhanwei.Modelling of morphodynamic processes in the Yellow River Estuary using a coupled approach and its applications. J. Lake Sci.2019,31(6):1726-1737. DOI:10.18307/2019.0601 |
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| 摘要: |
| 小浪底水库于1999年运用以后，该河道经历了长时间持续冲刷过程.为掌握小浪底水库运用后黄河尾闾段洪水演进特点及河床冲淤规律，采用一维水沙数学模型研究是一条重要的途径.本研究首先采用浑水控制方程，建立了一维耦合水沙数学模型，并利用2003年利津-西河口段汛期实测水沙及汛前断面地形资料对该模型进行率定，计算的流量、水位及含沙量等过程与实测值吻合较好；然后采用2015年利津-汊3段汛期实测资料对该模型进行验证，结果显示水位与冲淤量计算值与实测值较为符合；最后基于2015年实测洪水过程，计算了若干组不同断面间距下的洪水演进及冲淤过程，分析了不同断面间距对沿程水位及河段冲淤量等计算结果的影响，结果表明：采用不同断面间距对水位计算结果影响较小，而对冲淤量计算结果会产生一定影响；在河段水沙及冲淤特性复杂的情况下，采用一维数学水沙模型计算时应考虑断面间距的选择. |
| 关键词: 洪水演进 河床冲淤 一维数学水沙模型 黄河尾闾段 断面间距 小浪底水库 |
| DOI：10.18307/2019.0601 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点基础研发计划项目（2017YFC0405501）和国家自然科学基金项目（51725902，51579186）联合资助. |
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| Modelling of morphodynamic processes in the Yellow River Estuary using a coupled approach and its applications |
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YANG Zhuoyuan1, XIA Junqiang1, ZHOU Meirong1, WAN Zhanwei2
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1.State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China;2.Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450003, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| Channel aggradation has taken place in the tail reach of the Yellow River Estuary (YRE) because of its geologic formation and evolution since 1976. A significant process of channel degradation was caused by a sharp reduction in sediment load along the tail reach of the YRE after the operation of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir in 1999, which may influence the safety of flood control engineering. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the fluvial processes in the tail reach of the YRE using a one-dimensional model. In this study, a one-dimensional morphodynamic model using a coupled solution was developed to simulate two hyperconcentrated flood events occurring in the tail reach of the YRE. In the model, the Saint Venant equations were improved for the hydrodynamic governing equations, including the terms of sediment concentration and bed evolution. The modified Saint Venant equations were integrated with the sediment transport equation and the equation of bed evolution. The model was firstly calibrated using the measurements in the Lijin-Xihekou reach in 2003, and then it was verified using the measurements in the Lijin-Cha3 reach in 2015. The model results for the discharges, water levels and sediment concentrations coincide with the measured data, which indicates that the developed model is suitable to simulate the hyperconcentrated flood events in the YRE. Furthermore, the effects of different cross-spacing were investigated using the same flood event in 2015. It is found that the precision of simulations decreased with the increasing of cross-spacing, and a suitable cross-sectional distance of less than 3.41 km in 2015 should be adopted when simulating the hyperconcentrated flood events in the tail reach of the YRE. |
| Key words: Flood routing channel evolution one-dimensional morphodynamic model tail reach of the Yellow River Estuary cross-sectional spacing Xiaolangdi Reservoir |
