| 摘要: |
| 葛洲坝对中华鲟（Acipenser sinensis）性腺发育的影响，是一个存在争议的问题，其影响程度直接关系到中华鲟的种群生存.利用中华鲟洄游动力学模型和性腺发育模型，我们揭示了中华鲟在长江的种群结构特点、时空分布和性腺发育过程以及葛洲坝的影响.通过对相关文献的分析和评价，我们认为，在葛洲坝救鱼过程中，长江水产研究所柯福恩等（1985）对葛洲坝下中华鲟性腺退化的研究工作是扎实的，他们关于中华鲟性腺退化十分严重，产卵规模相当有限，若干年后资源要下降的结论是可靠的，也得到了1990s以来中华鲟持续衰退事实的证明.作为葛洲坝救鱼的重要专业机构，中国科学院水生生物研究所的相关成果否认中华鲟性腺退化的方法和材料，是不充分和不可靠的.利用新理论重新分析历史调查数据，我们给出中华鲟性腺发育严重退化的其他证据.研究表明，葛洲坝的阻隔效应导致中华鲟性腺退化率为75%左右；该问题被长期忽视或轻视，对中华鲟保护产生了严重影响. |
| 关键词: 中华鲟 性腺发育 葛洲坝 救鱼 性腺退化 |
| DOI：10.18307/2020.0402 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51379218）和中国水利水电科学研究院基本科研业务费项目（SS0145C202018）联合资助. |
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| Did the gonads of the Chinese sturgeon below the Gezhouba Dam degenerate seriously? |
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HUANG Zhenli, WANG Luhai
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China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| The effect of Gezhouba Dam on the gonadal development of the Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis Gray, 1835) has been a controversial issue, and how strong its impact is directly related to the population survival of the Chinese sturgeon. Using our migration dynamics model and gonadal development model, we reveal the population structure traits, spatiotemporal distribution and gonadal development process of Chinese sturgeon in the Yangtze River, and the impacts of Gezhouba Dam. Through the analysis and evaluation of the relevant literatures, we believed that Ke Fuen et al (1985) of the Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, carried out a solid research on the gonadal degeneration of the Chinese sturgeon caused by the Gezhouba Dam; their finding was reliable that the serious gonadal degeneration would resulted in a quite limited breeding size and then the severe decline of the population size after several years. This conclusion has been proved by the fact that the Chinese sturgeon population has been declining continuously since the 1990s. In contrast, as a professional supporter for fish rescue programme of Gezhouba Dam, the Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has offered inadequate and unreliable findings at that time, denying the serious gonadal degeneration of Chinese sturgeon. Using our models' findings to re-analyze the historical survey data, we presented other evidences of severe gonadal degeneration of the Chinese sturgeon. Our results show that the blocking effect of Gezhouba Dam led to the gonadal degeneration rate of about 75%, which has been neglected or belittled since the implementation of the fish rescue programme of Gezhouba Dam. This has had a serious effect on the protection of Chinese sturgeon. |
| Key words: Chinese sturgeon gonadal development Gezhouba Dam fish rescue gonadal degeneration |
