| 引用本文: | 黄真理,王鲁海.长江中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis)保护——反思、改革和创新.湖泊科学,2020,32(5):1320-1332. DOI:10.18307/2020.0510 |
| HUANG Zhenli,WANG Luhai.The Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) conservation—Introspection, reform and innovation. J. Lake Sci.2020,32(5):1320-1332. DOI:10.18307/2020.0510 |
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| 摘要: |
| 长江水生生物保护面临巨大挑战，加强长江水生生物保护是当前国家的战略需求.中华鲟（Acipenser sinensis）是长江的旗舰物种，也是1980s葛洲坝救鱼的唯一物种.经过近40年努力和数以亿计的投入，中华鲟的种群数量持续衰退，走到濒临灭绝的边缘.如果不能很好汲取中华鲟保护的教训，长江水生生物保护将难以走出困境.本文回顾了葛洲坝救鱼以来中华鲟保护的历程并进行评价，我们认为：回避或轻视长江梯级水坝的影响，就难以准确认识中华鲟种群衰退的定量影响机制，也不可能采取针对性措施.因此，要避免重蹈中华鲟的覆辙，对中华鲟保护工作进行全面反思、改革和创新，是长江水生生物保护面临的重大战略问题. |
| 关键词: 中华鲟 葛洲坝 救鱼 改革 |
| DOI：10.18307/2020.0510 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51379218）和青海省科技计划项目（2019-SF-147）联合资助. |
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| The Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) conservation—Introspection, reform and innovation |
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HUANG Zhenli, WANG Luhai
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China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| The conservation protection of aquatic life in the Yangtze River is facing a great challenge, and strengthening their protection is the national strategic demand of China. The Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) is a flagship species of the Yangtze River, and the sole one for the fish rescue program of the Gezhouba Dam in the 1980s. After a great deal of scientific research and implementing conservation measures over the past four decades, the Chinese sturgeon population has been on the verge of extinction. If lessons of Chinese sturgeon protection could not be well learned, the protection of aquatic life in the Yangtze River will be difficult to get out of the current predicament. This paper reviews the history of scientific research and protection of Chinese sturgeon since implementation of the fish rescue program. It shows that dodging or overlooking the influence of Yangtze cascade dams will be unable to reveal the quantitative mechanism of the population decline, and is impossible to take targeted measures. Therefore, to avoid repeating the same mistakes that the protection of Chinese sturgeon has arisen in the past four decades, launching introspection, reform and innovation for the lessons of the Chinese sturgeon conservation is an urgent strategic issue of conserving the aquatic life in the Yangtze River. |
| Key words: Chinese sturgeon Gezhouba Dam fish rescue reform |
