| 引用本文: | 张奇,刘元波,姚静,赖锡军,李相虎,吴桂平,黄群,孙占东,张丹,李云良,谭志强,刘星根.我国湖泊水文学研究进展与展望.湖泊科学,2020,32(5):1360-1379. DOI:10.18307/2020.0511 |
| ZHANG Qi,LIU Yuanbo,YAO Jing,LAI Xijun,LI Xianghu,WU Guiping,HUANG Qun,SUN Zhandong,ZHANG Dan,LI Yunliang,TAN Zhiqiang,LIU Xinggen.Lake hydrology in China: Advances and prospects. J. Lake Sci.2020,32(5):1360-1379. DOI:10.18307/2020.0511 |
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| 我国湖泊水文学研究进展与展望 |
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张奇, 刘元波, 姚静, 赖锡军, 李相虎, 吴桂平, 黄群, 孙占东, 张丹, 李云良, 谭志强, 刘星根
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中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所中国科学院流域地理学重点实验室, 南京 210008
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| 摘要: |
| 湖泊是地球表层水体的重要组成部分，在区域社会经济发展和生物多样性保护等方面发挥着不可替代的作用.气候变化和高强度的水资源开发利用等，导致湖泊物理、化学特性在时空格局上发生显著的变化，引起一系列的社会、环境、气候等响应.湖泊水文学研究湖泊水文要素及其时空变化特征、平衡关系与变化规律，在水文过程演变与归因解析、湖泊洪旱发生机理与调控、湖泊资源评估与可持续利用等方面，解决了众多理论和实践问题，为区域发展提供了强大支撑.本文评述了近50年来我国湖泊水文学的发展与研究进展，重点阐述湖泊水量平衡与水量变化、湖泊水动力与水文过程调蓄、湖泊极端水文事件成因、湖泊水文遥感反演等方面的研究进展，展望了湖泊水文学的未来发展趋势. |
| 关键词: 湖泊水文学 湖泊水量平衡 洪涝干旱 湖泊水动力过程 综述 |
| DOI：10.18307/2020.0511 |
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| 基金项目:中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所重点培育方向“流域-湖库生态水文过程与模拟”项目（NIGLAS2018GH06）和国家自然科学基金项目（41877166）联合资助. |
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| Lake hydrology in China: Advances and prospects |
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ZHANG Qi, LIU Yuanbo, YAO Jing, LAI Xijun, LI Xianghu, WU Guiping, HUANG Qun, SUN Zhandong, ZHANG Dan, LI Yunliang, TAN Zhiqiang, LIU Xinggen
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Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| Lakes are important components of the Earth's surface water bodies. They serve as irreplaceable functions in regional socio-economic development and conservation of biological diversities. Climate variations and intensive water consumption result in significant deviations in temporal change and spatial pattern in terms of physical and chemical processes. As a sub-discipline of hydrology, lake hydrology addresses the changing patterns of hydrological variables, their relationships, balancing and evolution. It addresses fundamental scientific questions and offers solutions to practical issues. Examples includes hydrological attribution and dynamic evolution, hydrological extremes and practical mitigation, lake resources assessment and sustainable utilization, which have been strongly supporting regional developments. This article reviews the progress of lake hydrology in China in the latest 50 years, with emphases on lake water balance and variation, lake hydrodynamics, lake hydrological extremes, and remote sensing of lake hydrology. Several key research areas are also identified and discussed for future research interests. |
| Key words: Lake hydrology lake water balance flood and drought lake hydrodynamic process review |
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