| 引用本文: | 李琼芳,许树洪,陈启慧,贾小网,严方家,朱玉婷,林鹏,皋云.环太湖各水资源分区入出湖河流总磷浓度与负荷变化分析.湖泊科学,2022,34(1):74-89. DOI:10.18307/2022.0108 |
| Li Qiongfang,Xu Shuhong,Chen Qihui,Jia Xiaowang,Yan Fangjia,Zhu Yuting,Lin Peng,Gao Yun.Analysis on the variation of total phosphorus concentrations and loads of inflow and outflow rivers from different water resources zones around Lake Taihu. J. Lake Sci.2022,34(1):74-89. DOI:10.18307/2022.0108 |
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| 环太湖各水资源分区入出湖河流总磷浓度与负荷变化分析 |
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李琼芳1,2, 许树洪1, 陈启慧1, 贾小网3, 严方家1, 朱玉婷1, 林鹏1, 皋云1
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1.河海大学水文水资源学院, 南京 210098;2.长江保护与绿色发展研究院, 南京 210098;3.江苏省水文水资源勘测局泰州分局, 泰州 225300
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| 摘要: |
| 入出湖总磷负荷变化是影响太湖湖体磷收支平衡的关键因素.基于2012-2018年水质水量监测资料，计算全湖及各水资源分区河流入出湖总磷负荷，并以水量加权计算其总磷年平均浓度，探明其时空变化规律；运用双累积曲线法分析不同分区水污关系的变化规律；以月为时间尺度，利用Pearson相关系数，揭示入湖总磷负荷分别与入湖水量、入湖总磷浓度的相关关系；通过讨论分析，明确适用于太湖的入湖总磷平均浓度计算方法、总磷负荷影响因素及控制途径.研究结果表明：（1）水量加权法比算术平均法更加适用于太湖入湖总磷平均浓度的削减管理；环太湖河流入湖总磷浓度多年平均值为0.189 mg/L，明显高于出湖的0.079 mg/L，入湖总磷负荷多年平均值为2206.51 t，也高于出湖的873.73 t；2016年丰水年入、出湖及净入湖总磷负荷均最高，分别为2993.9、1341.1、1652.8 t.（2）湖西区河流入湖总磷浓度多年平均高于所有其他分区，其值为0.226 mg/L，浙西区、武澄锡虞区河流出湖总磷浓度多年平均分别为0.114和0.109 mg/L，均高于其他分区.不同水资源分区的水污关系呈现不同的年际变化规律，但除杭嘉湖区外，其他分区均未表现出入湖总磷得到有效控制的迹象.（3）湖西区和浙西区入湖总磷年负荷多年平均值分别为1748.71和278.61 t，两区各年入湖总磷负荷占总入湖负荷的比重位居前二，湖西区的都在67.88%以上；而浙西区在7%~19%之间变化；太浦河出湖总磷年负荷多年平均值为272.27 t，自2014年起其占出湖总磷年负荷的比重均在30%以上.（4）不同水资源分区月入湖总磷负荷均与入湖水量存在较好的相关关系，且除阳澄淀泖区外，其他分区月尺度入湖总磷负荷变化主要受入湖水量控制.（5）2016年丰水年湖西区入湖河流总磷浓度较高、入湖水量大的共同作用导致了其入湖总磷负荷的显著增加.研究成果可为太湖的磷外源负荷控制提供科学依据. |
| 关键词: 太湖 水资源分区 总磷 负荷 时空变化 双累计曲线 |
| DOI：10.18307/2022.0108 |
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| 基金项目:江苏省水利科技项目（2018001）和国家自然科学基金项目（51879069）联合资助. |
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| Analysis on the variation of total phosphorus concentrations and loads of inflow and outflow rivers from different water resources zones around Lake Taihu |
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Li Qiongfang1,2, Xu Shuhong1, Chen Qihui1, Jia Xiaowang3, Yan Fangjia1, Zhu Yuting1, Lin Peng1, Gao Yun1
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1.College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, P. R. China;2.Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Nanjing 210098, P. R. China;3.Taizhou Branch, Jiangsu Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Bureau, Taizhou 225300, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| The variation in inflow and outflow total phosphorus (TP) loads is a key factor affecting the balance of the phosphorus budget for Lake Taihu. Based on the monitoring data of water quality and quantity from 2012 to 2018, the TP load of the rivers in each water resources zone around Lake Taihu were calculated, the flow-weighted mean annual concentrations of TP were attained, and their spatio-temporal variations were analyzed; the double accumulation curve method was adopted to analyze the relationships between water quantity and TP load in different zones; the Pearson correlation coefficient was utilized to reveal the correlation between the TP load and water quantity as well as TP concentrations of the inflow at the monthly time scale; through discussion and analysis, the calculation method of the average TP concentration of inflow applicable to Lake Taihu, the influencing factors of TP loads and measures of controlling the TP load were investigated. The results showed that:(1) The flow-weighted mean concentration of TP is the preferred approach for calculating average concentrations of tributaries with variable flows for Lake Taihu; The average annual TP concentration of inflow rivers of Lake Taihu was 0.189 mg/L, significantly higher than that of outflow rivers (0.079 mg/L). The average annual TP load of the inflow was 2206.51 t, which was also much higher than that of the outflow (873.73 t); in the high flow year of 2016, the TP loads of the inflow, outflow and net inflow of the lake were the largest among 2012-2018, and their values were 2993.9, 1341.1 and 1652.8 t, respectively. (2) The average annual TP concentration of inflow rivers in the Huxi zone was 0.226 mg/L, which was higher than that in other zones; the average annual TP concentrations of outflow rivers in the Zhexi and Wuchengxiyu zones were 0.114 and 0.109 mg/L, which were higher than those in other zones. The interannual variation of the relationships between water quantity and TP load in different water resources zones behaved differently, suggesting that TP pollution was not effectively controlled on the whole except in the Hangjiahu zone. (3) The average annual TP load of the inflow rivers in the Huxi zone and Zhexi zone were 1748.71 and 278.61 t, respectively. The Huxi zone accounted for above 67.88% of the annual total inflow TP load, and the percentage for the Zhexi zone was between 7% and 19%; the average annual outflow TP load of Taipu River was 272.27 t and accounted for more than 30% of the total outflow TP load since 2014. (4) There were good correlations between the monthly TP load and water quantity of the inflow in different water resources zones. Moreover, except in the Yangchengdianmao zone, the variation of monthly TP load of the inflow in other zones was mainly controlled by the water quantity of the inflow. (5) In the high flow year of 2016, the combined effect of high concentration of TP and large water quantity of inflow rivers in the Huxi zone led to a significant increase in the TP load of the inflow. The research results can provide a scientific basis for external phosphorus load control for Lake Taihu. |
| Key words: Lake Taihu water resources zones total phosphorus load spatio-temporal variation double cumulative curve |
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