| 引用本文: | 黎明杰,张又,张颖,徐锦前,胡恺源,蔡永久,龚志军,徐德兰,李宽意.湖滨带开发利用对大型底栖动物群落结构的影响:以洪泽湖为例.湖泊科学,2022,34(6):2055-2069. DOI:10.18307/2022.0620 |
| Li Mingjie,Zhang You,Zhang Ying,Xu Jinqian,Hu Kaiyuan,Cai Yongjiu,Gong Zhijun,Xu Delan,Li Kuanyi.Effects of littoral zone utilization on benthic macroinvertebrate community structure: A case study of Lake Hongze. J. Lake Sci.2022,34(6):2055-2069. DOI:10.18307/2022.0620 |
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| 湖滨带开发利用对大型底栖动物群落结构的影响:以洪泽湖为例 |
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黎明杰1,2, 张又2, 张颖3, 徐锦前4, 胡恺源2, 蔡永久2, 龚志军2, 徐德兰1, 李宽意2,5
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1.桂林理工大学旅游与风景园林学院, 桂林 541004;2.中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008;3.江苏省水利工程规划办公室, 南京 210029;4.安徽师范大学生态与环境学院, 芜湖 241002;5.中国科学院大学中丹学院, 北京 100049
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| 摘要: |
| 湖滨带是湖泊与陆地生态系统间非常重要的生态过渡带，能够保障周围生态系统结构的完整以及功能的正常发挥.随着湖滨带被持续开发与利用，人为干扰对湖滨带的影响逐渐增强.大型底栖动物是淡水生态系统的重要生物类群之一，也是物质循环和能量流动的主要环节，起着承上启下的关键作用.为了解湖滨带开发利用对大型底栖动物群落结构的影响，2020年8月对洪泽湖湖滨带49个样点的大型底栖动物进行调查.共采集到大型底栖动物49种，隶属3门7纲17目26科44属，各样点大型底栖动物的密度差别较大，介于6.67~1386.67 ind./m2之间，整体上呈现西北高，东南低的趋势.相似性分析结果表明，河口型湖滨带和大堤型湖滨带与其他类型湖滨带差异显著，而围网型、圈圩型和光滩型3种湖滨带类型之间的大型底栖动物群落差异均不显著.相似性百分比分析结果表明，腹足纲的环棱螺属是造成不同湖滨带类型差异的主要物种.典范对应分析结果表明，悬浮物（SS）、溶解态总氮、pH、透明度（SD）、浊度、水生植物盖度和扰动指数对大型底栖动物群落有显著影响.考虑不同湖滨带宽度的开发利用情况，发现湖滨带开发利用200 m范围内，物种-环境解释率最高，说明200 m湖滨带范围内的开发利用情况对大型底栖动物的影响最大，对湖滨带200 m范围内的开发利用应该加强管控.结构方程模型表明湖滨带开发利用主要通过影响水生植物盖度、总氮、硝态氮、叶绿素a、SS、SD等进而影响大型底栖动物，且围网也会直接影响大型底栖动物群落结构. |
| 关键词: 浅水湖泊 缓冲带 水产养殖 典范对应分析 结构方程模型 洪泽湖 大型底栖动物 |
| DOI：10.18307/2022.0620 |
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| 基金项目:江苏省水利科技项目（2019005）、国家自然科学基金项目（42171119，32001156）、中国科学院青年创新促进会项目（2020316）和中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所青年科学家小组项目（2021NIGLAS-CJH01）联合资助. |
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| Effects of littoral zone utilization on benthic macroinvertebrate community structure: A case study of Lake Hongze |
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Li Mingjie1,2, Zhang You2, Zhang Ying3, Xu Jinqian4, Hu Kaiyuan2, Cai Yongjiu2, Gong Zhijun2, Xu Delan1, Li Kuanyi2,5
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1.College of Tourism and Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China;2.State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China;3.Water Resources Planning Bureau of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210029, P. R. China;4.School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, P. R. China;5.Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| Littoral zone is of great importance for lake and terrestrial ecosystems, which can ensure the surrounding ecosystem structure integrity and normal functional performance. With the continuous development and utilization, the impact of human disturbance on the littoral zone is gradually increasing. Benthic macroinvertebrates are important components of freshwater ecosystems. It is the main link between nutrient cycling, and energy flow and plays a key role in connecting the food web. In order to understand the impact of the littoral zone utilization on benthic macroinvertebrate community structure, a field survey was conducted at 49 sample sites in the littoral zone of Lake Hongze in August 2020. A total of 49 species were collected, belonging to 3 phyla, 7 classes, 17 orders, 26 families and 44 genera. The abundance of benthic macroinvertebrates at each site varied greatly, ranging from 6.67 to 1386.67 ind./m2. Generally speaking, the abundances was higher along the northwestern coastline, but lower along the southeastern shoreline. The results of similarity analysis showed that there were significant differences among estuarine littoral zone, levee littoral zone and other types of the littoral zone, but there were no significant differences in benthic macroinvertebrate communities among purse seine type, circle polder type and light beach type. The results of similarity percentage analysis showed that Bellamya spp. is the main species causing the discrepancy among different littoral zone types. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that suspended solid (SS), total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), pH, transparency (SD), turbidity, aquatic plant coverage and Em-5year had significant impacts on the benthic macroinvertebrate communities. When the width of the littoral zone was 200 m, the variation in the species-environment relationships was the highest, indicating that the benthic macroinvertebrates within the 200 m littoral zone of Lake Hongze were the most affected. The utilization within 200 m littoral zones should be controlled and monitored. The structural equation model shows that the littoral zone utilization mainly indirectly affects benthic macroinvertebrates by affecting aquatic plant coverage, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, chlorophyll-a, SS and SD, and the purse seine will also directly affect the community structure of benthic macroinvertebrates. |
| Key words: Shallow lake buffer zone aquaculture CCA SEM Lake Hongze benthic macroinvertebrate |
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