| 引用本文: | 刘伟,褚一凡,谭启洋,陈金梅,杨玲丽,周巧红,吴振斌,贺锋.鄱阳湖西侧周边农村水塘夏季表层沉积物氮、磷、有机质分布特征及评价.湖泊科学,2023,35(1):192-202. DOI:10.18307/2023.0113 |
| Liu Wei,Chu Yifan,Tan Qiyang,Chen Jinmei,Yang Lingli,Zhou Qiaohong,Wu Zhenbin,He Feng.Distributional characteristics and evaluation of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter in the surface sediments of rural ponds around the western part of Lake Poyang in summer. J. Lake Sci.2023,35(1):192-202. DOI:10.18307/2023.0113 |
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| 鄱阳湖西侧周边农村水塘夏季表层沉积物氮、磷、有机质分布特征及评价 |
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刘伟1,2, 褚一凡1,2, 谭启洋1,2, 陈金梅1,2, 杨玲丽1,2, 周巧红1, 吴振斌1, 贺锋1
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1.中国科学院水生生物研究所, 武汉 430072;2.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
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| 摘要: |
| 水塘作为农村重要的水生态系统,其环境状况与人们生产生活和健康密切相关。为了解鄱阳湖西侧周边农村水塘沉积物的有机质和营养盐赋存状况,于2018—2019年对鄱阳湖流域西侧附近4个县的23个水塘进行沉积物营养盐的分析,同时通过相关分析和差异性分析对其来源进行解析,并采用综合污染指数评价法和主成分分析法对水塘沉积物的污染程度进行评价。结果表明:水塘沉积物污染物含量较高,其有机质、有机碳(TOC)、总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)含量分别为5.81%±2.16%、2.46%±1.02%、(6.48±2.35) mg/g和(1.89±0.80) mg/g。3种形态的无机氮中铵态氮含量最高,其次为硝态氮和亚硝态氮。沉积物TP受到洗涤废水的影响较大,清淤和活化显著减轻了沉积物TN和TOC污染。综合污染指数评价结果表明重度污染和中度污染的水塘占比分别为95.65%和4.35%,其平均评价结果为重度污染,表明水塘沉积物污染严重。而主成分分析结果表明P18水塘污染最重,而P6水塘污染最轻。综合污染指数与主成分分析总得分的相关系数为0.92,表明两者的评价结果较为一致。本研究通过分析鄱阳湖西侧农村水塘的沉积物营养盐含量、污染来源以及污染现状,拟为农村水塘的生态修复提供数据和技术支撑。 |
| 关键词: 农村水塘 表层沉积物 有机质 综合污染指数 主成分分析 鄱阳湖流域 |
| DOI：10.18307/2023.0113 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(51709254,51709255)、江西省重点研发计划项目(20171BBH80018)和江西省水利科技项目(KT201737)联合资助。 |
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| Distributional characteristics and evaluation of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter in the surface sediments of rural ponds around the western part of Lake Poyang in summer |
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Liu Wei1,2, Chu Yifan1,2, Tan Qiyang1,2, Chen Jinmei1,2, Yang Lingli1,2, Zhou Qiaohong1, Wu Zhenbin1, He Feng1
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1.Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China;2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| As an essential water ecosystem in rural areas, the conditions of ponds are closely related to agriculture activities, and daily life and health status of humans. In order to investigate the contents of organic matters and nutrients in the surface sediments of rural ponds around the western part of Lake Poyang, surface sediments of 23 ponds in 4 counties of the region were collected and analyzed from 2018 to 2019, and correlation and difference analyses were undertaken to identify the pollution sources of the sediments. Moreover, comprehensive pollution index method and principal component analysis were carried out for the evaluation of sediment pollution in ponds. Results showed that the contents of organic matter, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were 5.81%±2.16%, 2.46%±1.02%, (6.48±2.35) mg/g and (1.89±0.80) mg/g, respectively. The contents of three inorganic nitrogen in sediments followed the sequence of ammonia>nitrate>nitrite. Sediment TP content was greatly affected by washing wastewater. In addition, dredging and circulating significantly reduced the TN and TOC pollution in sediments. Results of comprehensive pollution index showed that the ratio of ponds assessed with heavy pollution and moderate pollution were 95.65% and 4.35%, respectively, and the average pollution level was heavy pollution. And the results of principle component analysis showed that the pollution state of P18 was the worst, while that of P6 was the least. The correlation index of comprehensive pollution index and total score of principle component analysis was 0.92, indicating the results of these two evaluation methods were relatively consistent. The results of this study can provide data and technical support for the ecological restoration of rural ponds around the western part of Lake Poyang by analyzing their sediment nutrient contents, pollution sources and pollution status. |
| Key words: Rural ponds surface sediments organic matter comprehensive pollution index principal component analysis Lake Poyang Basin |
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