| 引用本文: | 张宇航,颜旭,姜兵琦,渠晓东,张敏,张海萍,荆红卫,刘保献,彭文启.应用底栖动物完整性指数评价北京市河流水生态环境质量.湖泊科学,2023,35(6):2010-2021. DOI:10.18307/2023.0628 |
| Zhang Yuhang,Yan Xu,Jiang Bingqi,Qu Xiaodong,Zhang Min,Zhang Haiping,Jing Hongwei,Liu Baoxian,Peng Wenqi.Water ecosystem quality assessment on rivers in Beijing City using benthic index of biotic integrity. J. Lake Sci.2023,35(6):2010-2021. DOI:10.18307/2023.0628 |
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| 应用底栖动物完整性指数评价北京市河流水生态环境质量 |
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张宇航1, 颜旭2,3, 姜兵琦2,3, 渠晓东1, 张敏1, 张海萍1, 荆红卫2,3, 刘保献2,3, 彭文启1
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1.中国水利水电科学研究院, 北京 100038;2.北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048;3.国家环境保护河流全物质通量重点实验室, 北京 100871
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| 摘要: |
| 利用底栖动物完整性指数(B-IBI)评价河流生态环境状况已成为水生态健康评估和管理的重要方法。基于2020年秋季至2021年夏季对北京市五大水系115个样点的大型底栖动物、水体理化因子以及栖息地质量4个季度的调查数据,分别构建了北京市山区、平原区河流底栖动物完整性指数,并对其生态状况进行了评估。指标筛选结果显示:山区河流B-IBI核心指标包括总分类单元数、EPT相对丰度、BMWP指数、粘附者相对丰度、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数;平原区河流B-IBI核心指标包括总分类单元数、摇蚊科相对丰度、EPTO相对丰度、耐污类群相对丰度。根据各参数值随干扰增强的变化趋势,采用比值法计算各指标的分值和评价标准。结果显示:在空间上,北京市山区河流处于良好状态,其中以潮白河水系生态状况最好,处于良好状态,蓟运河水系生态状况最差,处于很差状态;平原区河流处于中等状态,其中永定河、大清河水系处于良好状态,蓟运河、北运河以及潮白河水系均处于中等状态。在时间上,不同季节的B-IBI值无显著性差异,整体生态状况不受季节变化的影响,表明构建的北京市B-IBI评价体系在时间上具有良好的稳定性。多元回归分析显示:栖息地质量是限制北京市山区、平原区河流生态状况的主控因子,其次,高锰酸盐指数和化学需氧量是影响平原区河流生态状况的主要因子。本研究构建的B-IBI评价体系对于北京市河流的栖息地状况和水体污染状况具有较好的指示作用,参照点的B-IBI值整体上显著高于受损点,表明B-IBI评价体系在北京市河流的适用性良好。 |
| 关键词: 底栖动物完整性指数 大型底栖动物 生态状况评价 北京市 |
| DOI：10.18307/2023.0628 |
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| 基金项目:河北省河湖健康评估项目、生态环境部生物多样性调查评估项目(2019HJ2096001006)和国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2018ZX07101005)联合资助。 |
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| Water ecosystem quality assessment on rivers in Beijing City using benthic index of biotic integrity |
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Zhang Yuhang1, Yan Xu2,3, Jiang Bingqi2,3, Qu Xiaodong1, Zhang Min1, Zhang Haiping1, Jing Hongwei2,3, Liu Baoxian2,3, Peng Wenqi1
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1.China Institute of Water Resource and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, P.R. China;2.Beijing Ecological Environment Monitoring Center, Beijing 100048, P.R. China;3.State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Materials Flux in Rivers, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
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| Abstract: |
| Using biotic integrity index (B-IBI) of zoobenthos to evaluate river ecological environment conditions has become an important method for water ecological health assessment and management. We seasonally carried out investigation on macroinvertebrate, physical-chemical indicators and habitat quality at 115 sampling river sites in Beijing from autumn, 2020 to summer, 2021. Based on the investigation, the B-IBI of mountain rivers and plain rivers in Beijing was constructed, and the ecological status of the rivers were evaluated. The results of index selection showed that the B-IBI core indicators of mountain rivers included total number of taxa, EPT relative abundance, BMWP index, Clinger relative abundance, and Shannon-Wiener diversity index. B-IBI core indicators of plain rivers included total taxon number, relative abundance of Chironomidae, EPTO relative abundance, and relative abundance of pollution tolerant taxa. According to the changes of each parameter with the external interference enhancement, the score and the evaluation standard of each index were calculated by the ratio method. The evaluation results showed that the mountain rivers ecological condition were in “Good” condition, of which the Chaobai River systems were in “Good” condition, and the Jiyun River systems were in the worst of health condition, which were in “very poor” condition. The plain rivers were in “Fair” condition, of which the Yongding River and the Daqing River systems were in “Good” condition, and the Jiyun River, Beiyun River and Chaobai River systems were in “Fair” condition. There was no significantly difference in B-IBI among different seasons, and the overall ecological condition was not affected by seasonal changes, indicating that the B-IBI of Beijing had good stability in time. Multiple regression analysis showed that habitat quality was the main controlling factor limiting river ecological conditions in mountain and plain areas of Beijing, while CODMn and CODCr were the main factors affecting river ecological conditions in plain areas. The research showed that the B-IBI has a good indicator function for the habitat and water pollution status of the rivers in Beijing. The non-parametric tests indicated that, overall, the B-IBI scores of the reference sites were significantly higher than those of the impaired sites, which indicated the adaptability of the B-IBI assessment system in rivers of Beijing. |
| Key words: Benthic Integrated Biotic Index macroinvertebrates ecological conditions assessment Beijing City |
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