| 引用本文: | 熊鹰,张敏,张欢,苏国欢,沙泳翠,徐军.鱼类形态特征与营养级位置之间关系初探.湖泊科学,2015,27(3):466-474. DOI:10.18307/2015.0314 |
| XIONG Ying,ZHANG Min,ZHANG Huan,SU Guohuan,SHA Yongcui,XU Jun.Preliminary research on relationship between fish functional morphology and trophic position. J. Lake Sci.2015,27(3):466-474. DOI:10.18307/2015.0314 |
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| 鱼类形态特征与营养级位置之间关系初探 |
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熊鹰1, 张敏1, 张欢2,3, 苏国欢2,4, 沙泳翠2,4, 徐军2
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1.华中农业大学水产学院, 武汉 430070;2.中国科学院水生生物研究所, 武汉 430072;3.Institute of Biology/Aquatic Ecology, Ecology Building, Lund University, Lund SE 22362, Sweden;4.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
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| 摘要: |
| 以长江中下游洪泛平原湖泊鱼类为例,探讨鱼类功能性形态特征与其营养级位置之间的关系. 所用的116种鱼的食性数据来自于226个鱼类群落,总计16267尾鱼. 用几何形态测量法的界标分析法提取鱼类形态特征,相对扭曲度法的前2个主成份能较好地区分鱼类的形态差异,它不仅能够生成散点图,而且能客观地反映出鱼类的形态性状. 营养级位置采用肠含物定量分析法,合理地假定肠含物的营养级位置,利用食性数据计算出鱼类的营养级位置. 采用广义加性模型分析鱼类营养级位置与功能性形态之间的关系. 结果表明:只有当鱼类为植食性鱼类和肉食性鱼类才有特化的功能性形态与之相适应,植食性鱼类有较窄的口裂,而对肉食性鱼类而言,不同生活型的鱼类拥有各自特化的形态特征,如伏击型肉食性鱼类体型呈纺锤形,背鳍靠近头部,眼睛较大且靠上,头部面积较大;而追击型肉食性鱼类体型呈流线型,头部较小,背鳍和腹鳍靠近尾部.而杂食性鱼类在本研究中无更多证据证明有特化的外部形态,亟待进一步研究. |
| 关键词: 功能性形态 营养级位置 几何形态测量法 广义加性模型 |
| DOI：10.18307/2015.0314 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31200359、31370473)和国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07501001-06)联合资助. |
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| Preliminary research on relationship between fish functional morphology and trophic position |
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XIONG Ying1, ZHANG Min1, ZHANG Huan2,3, SU Guohuan2,4, SHA Yongcui2,4, XU Jun2
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1.College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, P.R.China;2.Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P.R.China;3.Institute of Biology/Aquatic Ecology, Ecology Building, Lund University, Lund SE 22362, Sweden;4.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R.China
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| Abstract: |
| Correlations between fish functional morphology and trophic position were examined within 116 species of freshwater fishes from 226 communities, from flood plain lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.Geometric morphometrics in the analysis of fish body shape was made use of a total of 27 landmarks analyzed on Thin Plate Spline software.Changes in shape were visualized using relative warp analysis.The first two relative warp can be distinguished between fish morphological differences in a scatter diagram.Gut content analysis using feeding data is commonly used to detect trophic relationships, assuming the gut content of trophic level and calculating the trophic position of fish.The generalized additive model analysis of fish trophic position and the relationships between the functional forms show that, only when fish are herbivores and carnivores, the fish will have specialized functional forms correspondingly.Normally herbivores fish has narrow gap, while carnivorous fish has their specialized morphological characteristics, such as the ambush fish body shape in fusiform, dorsal fin close to the head, larger eyes diameter and head region.Carnivorous fish would have their body streamlined, possess relatively smaller head region, and have dorsal and ventral fin near their tails.For omnivorous fish, there is no more evidence to prove that there is specialized external form, and we need further research. |
| Key words: Functional morphology trophic position geometric morphometrics generalized addictive models |
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