| 引用本文: | 王磊,邓洋慧,罗莹,陈苗,刘杨,蔡晓强,侯嵩,郭昌胜.鄱阳湖流域典型新烟碱类杀虫剂的污染特征和风险评估.湖泊科学,2023,35(3):909-921. DOI:10.18307/2023.0331 |
| Wang Lei,Deng Yanghui,Luo Ying,Chen Miao,Liu Yang,Cai Xiaoqiang,Hou Song,Guo Changsheng.Occurrence and risk assessment of typical neonicotinoid pesticides in Lake Poyang Basin. J. Lake Sci.2023,35(3):909-921. DOI:10.18307/2023.0331 |
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| 鄱阳湖流域典型新烟碱类杀虫剂的污染特征和风险评估 |
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王磊1, 邓洋慧2, 罗莹2, 陈苗2, 刘杨2, 蔡晓强1, 侯嵩2, 郭昌胜2
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1.河南省开封生态环境监测中心, 开封 475000;2.中国环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护化学品生态效应与风险评估重点实验室, 北京 100012
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| 摘要: |
| 新烟碱类杀虫剂（NEOs）因用量较大和具有水溶性，是目前人们密切关注的新环境污染物之一。NEOs易通过地表径流迁移到水环境中，对水生态系统和人体健康构成威胁。本研究利用固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（SPE-HPLC-MS/MS）对鄱阳湖主要入湖河流和湖体中NEOs进行分析，旨在揭示鄱阳湖流域NEOs的空间分布特征，并分析其污染来源和生态风险。结果表明，在鄱阳湖流域9种NEOs均有不同程度检出，其中呋虫胺（DIN）、噻虫啉（THI）、吡虫啉（IMI）及噻虫嗪（THIA）的检出率为100%。9种NEOs总浓度范围为8.8~88.9 ng/L，残留最高、分布最广的农药是IMI （浓度范围2.1~42.7 ng/L）和THIA （浓度范围0.7~18.3 ng/L），流域内NEOs的主要来源为农业活动的非点源输入。基于物种敏感度分布法和联合概率分布曲线法评估了鄱阳湖流域中新烟碱类杀虫剂对淡水水生生物的生态风险。结果显示几种NEOs杀虫剂生态风险大小顺序为IMI >噻虫胺（CLO）> THI > THIA >啶虫脒（ACE），昆虫对NEOs最为敏感。联合概率分布曲线显示，对水生态系统产生不利影响最大的IMI对5%和10%物种的不利影响概率分别为28.55%和0.3%，鄱阳湖NEOs对水生生物的急性风险较小，但长久施用的慢性生态风险仍需进一步关注。 |
| 关键词: 新烟碱类杀虫剂 鄱阳湖 污染分布特征 物种敏感度分布曲线 生态风险 |
| DOI：10.18307/2023.0331 |
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| 基金项目:国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（2017ZX07302001，2017ZX07301005）资助。 |
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| Occurrence and risk assessment of typical neonicotinoid pesticides in Lake Poyang Basin |
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Wang Lei1, Deng Yanghui2, Luo Ying2, Chen Miao2, Liu Yang2, Cai Xiaoqiang1, Hou Song2, Guo Changsheng2
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1.Kaifeng Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Henan Province, Kaifeng 475000, P. R. China;2.State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| As one of the new environmental pollutants, neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs) attract close attention due to their large dosage use and significant water solubility. NEOs are easily transferred into the aquatic environment with surface runoff and results in the threat to the water ecosystem and human health. The solid-phase extraction-ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-HPLC-MS/MS) was used to analyse NEOs in Lake Poyang, aiming to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of NEOs and analyse its pollution sources and ecological risks. The results showed that nine NEOs were detected to varying degrees in Lake Poyang Basin, among which dinotefuran (DIN), thiacloprid (THI), imidacloprid (IMI) and thiamethoxam (THIA)) with a detection rate of 100%. The concentration of the total NEOs ranged from 8.8 to 88.9 ng/L, with IMI the highest residues and the widest distribution (concentration range was 2.1-42.7 ng/L) which followed by THIA (concentration range is 0.7-18.3 ng/L). The main source of NEOs in Lake Poyang came from the non-point source input of agricultural activities. The ecological risk of NEOs to freshwater aquatic organisms in Lake Poyang Basin was evaluated based on species sensitivity distribution method and joint probability distribution curve method. The results showed that the order of ecological risk of the five insecticides was IMI> clothianidin (CLO)> THI> THIA> acetamiprid (ACE), and insects were the most sensitive species to NEOs. The joint probability distribution curve of NEOs showed that the adverse impact probability of IMI on 5% and 10% species was 28.55% and 0.3%, respectively. The acute risk of NEOs to aquatic organisms was not significant, while the chronic ecological risk of long-term NEOs application needed further attention. |
| Key words: Neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs) Lake Poyang pollution distribution characteristics species sensitivity distribution curve ecological risk |
