| 引用本文: | 曹思佳,李云良,姚静,李宁宁,赵贵章,李志萍.鄱阳湖拟建水利枢纽工程对洪泛区地下水动力的影响及其生态意义.湖泊科学,2023,35(4):1457-1469. DOI:10.18307/2023.0441 |
| Cao Sijia,Li Yunliang,Yao Jing,Li Ningning,Zhao Guizhang,Li Zhiping.Influence of a proposed hydraulic project on groundwater hydrodynamics of the floodplain of Lake Poyang and its ecological implications. J. Lake Sci.2023,35(4):1457-1469. DOI:10.18307/2023.0441 |
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| 鄱阳湖拟建水利枢纽工程对洪泛区地下水动力的影响及其生态意义 |
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曹思佳1, 李云良2,3, 姚静2, 李宁宁4, 赵贵章1, 李志萍1
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1.华北水利水电大学地球科学与工程学院, 郑州 450045;2.中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 南京 210008;3.河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室, 南京 210009;4.江西省地质局工程地质大队, 南昌 330000
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| 摘要: |
| 洪泛湿地是位于水生系统和陆生系统之间的过渡带,在河流和陆地之间的水文生态方面起着纽带作用,受气候变化和人类活动的叠加影响,其水文过程改变很大程度上影响了湿地生态系统循环、结构和功能的稳定。本文以鄱阳湖洪泛区湿地为研究区,应用湖泊水动力和洪泛区地下水数值模型,评估鄱阳湖拟建水利枢纽工程对洪泛区地下水系统的影响。模拟结果表明,拟建水利枢纽工程将会遵循调度方案使得湖泊水位明显提高,但同时导致洪泛区地下水位的整体抬升,且东部主湖区附近的地下水位受到的影响(约1~3 m)要明显强于洪泛区其它区域(约小于1 m)。地下水位的变化同时导致不同典型时期洪泛区地下水流速的减小及地下水流向的改变,表现为枢纽建设后地下水流向的逆转和流速基本小于0.1 m/d。鄱阳湖涨水-丰水期总体为湖水补给洪泛区地下水模式,枯水-退水期主要为地下水补给湖水模式,但水利枢纽可能导致洪泛区地下水系统水均衡状态发生转变,影响了地下水系统的补给和排泄状态,最终形成了长期稳定的湖泊补给地下水的作用模式。从地下水-生态系统响应变化的角度分析,拟建水利枢纽建设引起的地下水位上升,可能会给湿地生物地球化学元素的迁移转化、植被群落的演变与退化等带来潜在风险。本文研究结果可为枢纽建设背景下的湿地水资源评价、生态系统修复与保护等提供科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 水利枢纽工程 地下水模拟 鄱阳湖 洪泛湿地 生态环境 |
| DOI：10.18307/2023.0441 |
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| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3204104)、国家自然科学基金项目(42071036,41972261)、中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(Y9CJH01001)和河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室“一带一路”水与可持续发展科技基金项目(2020491311)联合资助。 |
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| Influence of a proposed hydraulic project on groundwater hydrodynamics of the floodplain of Lake Poyang and its ecological implications |
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Cao Sijia1, Li Yunliang2,3, Yao Jing2, Li Ningning4, Zhao Guizhang1, Li Zhiping1
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1.North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, School of Earth Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou 450045, P. R. China;2.Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China;3.State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China;4.Engineering Geology Brigade of Jiangxi Bureau of Geology, Nanchang 330000, P. R. China
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| Abstract: |
| The floodplain wetland is considered to be a transitional zone between the aquatic system and the terrestrial system. It plays an important role in influencing the hydrological and ecological aspects between river bodies and the associated land. Due to the combined effects of climate change and human activities, changes in hydrological processes in floodplain wetlands may affect the stability, structure and function of the ecological system. In this paper, the floodplain wetland of Lake Poyang was used as a study area, and an integrated lake hydrodynamic model and groundwater flow model were adopted to estimate the influences of a proposed hydraulic project on the floodplain groundwater system. The simulation results showed that the proposed hydraulic project in Lake Poyang would significantly increase the lake water level and the associated floodplain groundwater level. The groundwater level near the eastern main lake showed more significant responses (i.e. up to 3 m) than that of the other floodplain areas (i.e. less than 0.5 m). In addition, the change in groundwater levels also resulted in the decreasing trend of groundwater flow velocity and the change in groundwater flow direction during different hydrological phases, characterized by the reversal of groundwater flow direction and the associated flow velocity of less than about 0.1 m/d, due to the construction of the hydraulic project. Under normal conditions, lake water recharged the groundwater system during the rising and flooding periods, while groundwater recharged the lake during the dry and recession periods. However, the proposed hydraulic project might alter the water balance of the floodplain groundwater system, thus affecting the groundwater recharge-discharge relationships in the study area. Consequently, the hydraulic project was likely to result in a general pattern of lake discharge to the groundwater system over a long period of time. From the perspective of the groundwater flow system in response to the ecological system, the rise in groundwater level caused by the construction of the proposed hydraulic project in Lake Poyang might pose potential risks to the migration and transformation of biogeochemical elements in wetlands and the development and degradation of vegetation communities. The results of this paper can provide a scientific basis for the assessment of wetland water resources and the restoration and protection of the ecosystem in the context of the hydraulic project. |
| Key words: Hydraulic project groundwater flow model Lake Poyang floodplain area ecological environment |
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