| 引用本文: | 巩政,刘艳超,冯慧喆,朱天顺.基于多维度指数的雅鲁藏布江鱼类多样性评价及群落构建过程分析.湖泊科学,2024,36(1):213-222. DOI:10.18307/2024.0133 |
| Gong Zheng,Liu Yanchao,Feng Huizhe,Zhu Tianshun.Fish diversity evaluation and community assembly process analysis in the Yarlung Tsangpo River based on multi-faceted indices. J. Lake Sci.2024,36(1):213-222. DOI:10.18307/2024.0133 |
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| 基于多维度指数的雅鲁藏布江鱼类多样性评价及群落构建过程分析 |
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巩政1,2, 刘艳超3, 冯慧喆1, 朱天顺1
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1.枣庄学院生命科学学院, 枣庄 277160;2.水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所, 水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室, 武汉 430076;3.西藏自治区高原生物研究所, 拉萨 850000
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| 摘要: |
| 雅鲁藏布江是我国西藏地区最大的河流,孕育着独特的水生生物资源。近年来随着人类活动的干扰与河流开发的推进,亟待对该流域水生生物多样性进行全面调查评估。本研究基于雅鲁藏布江全流域的鱼类资源调查数据,整合物种多样性、功能多样性和系统发育多样性3个维度12项指数,对该流域鱼类多样性进行评价分析。结果显示,24个调查样点中共采集到37种鱼类,隶属于3目7科24属;其中土著鱼类27种,外来鱼类10种;鲤形目鲤科鱼类为优势类群。基于Bray-Curtis相异度的层次聚类可将雅鲁藏布江鱼类群落划分为4组,表现为帕隆藏布汇口以上/以下江段及两个江段内干支流间存在较大差异,这与区域生物地理学过程及河流环境梯度密切相关。利用12项多样性指数对各组群的鱼类多样性进行评估,结果表明,除Simpson多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数、平均配对种间系统发育距离指数和平均最近种间系统发育距离(MNTD)指数外,其他指数检测到组间的显著性差异。不同多样性指数之间的相关关系表现各异:与丰富度相关的多项指数间存在显著或极显著的正相关,功能离散度指数和MNTD指数与其他指数间多存在显著或极显著的负相关,表明不同类别的多样性指数各自具有独特的指示价值。基于群落功能性状结构和系统发育结构的检验结果显示,大多数样点驱动鱼类群落聚合的过程为种间竞争排斥,推测与雅鲁藏布江水体营养贫瘠、食物来源稀缺导致的种间营养竞争关系紧张有关。本文整合多维度多样性指数对雅鲁藏布江流域鱼类多样性及群落构建过程进行探究,以期为该流域鱼类资源保护和管理提供科学依据,也为应用多维度指数评价淡水鱼类多样性提供参考借鉴。 |
| 关键词: 淡水鱼类 群落结构 功能多样性 系统发育多样性 雅鲁藏布江 |
| DOI：10.18307/2024.0133 |
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| 基金项目:山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2021QC224)、山东省高等学校“青创团队计划”项目(2022KJ277)和枣庄学院博士科研启动基金项目(1020737)联合资助。 |
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| Fish diversity evaluation and community assembly process analysis in the Yarlung Tsangpo River based on multi-faceted indices |
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Gong Zheng1,2, Liu Yanchao3, Feng Huizhe1, Zhu Tianshun1
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1.College of Life Sciences, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, P.R. China;2.Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem, Institute of Hydroecology, Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430076, P.R. China;3.Tibet Plateau Institute of Biology, Lhasa 850000, P.R. China
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| Abstract: |
| The Yarlung Tsangpo River is the largest river in Tibet, China. Due to the increasing anthropogenic disturbance and ongoing development of water resources in recent years, there is an urgency to conduct a comprehensive investigation and evaluation for its aquatic biodiversity. Based on extensive ichthyological surveys across the whole basin of the Yarlung Tsangpo River, this study analyzed the fish diversity by integrating 12 indices of three dimensions, i.e., species diversity, functional diversity and phylogenetic diversity. Our results showed that a total of 37 fish species were collected from 24 sampling sites, belonging to 3 orders, 7 families and 24 genera. There were 27 species of native fish and 10 species of exotic fish. Among them, Cyprinidae was the dominant group. A hierarchical clustering based on species abundance data indicated that fish communities from different sampling sites could be divided into four groups. The dissimilarities occurred between the upper and lower reaches of the estuary of the Parlung Tsangpo River and between the mainstem and tributaries within both sections, which was highly related to regional biogeographical history and river environmental gradient. Twelve indices were applied to evaluate fish biodiversity for different groups. Except for Simpson richness index, Pielou evenness index, mean pairwise phylogenetic distance index and mean nearest phylogenetic distance (MNTD) index, significant differences were detected in other 8 indices among four groups. The correlation relationships among 12 diversity indices were different. Most of the indices related to species richness showed significant or extremely-significant positive correlations with each other. Functional divergence index and MNTD index showed significant or extremely-significant negative correlations with most of other indices, demonstrating the unique value of those indices from different categories. Based on the examination results of community functional-trait structure and phylogenetic structure, fish community assembly was supposed to be driven by competitive exclusion at most sampling sites, which was supposed to be related to the intense interspecific nutritional competition caused by poor nutrition and scarce food sources in the Yarlung Tsangpo River. In this study, multi-faceted diversity indices were used to explore the fish diversity and community assembly process in the Yarlung Tsangpo River, which can thus provide scientific basis for conservation and management of fish resources in this drainage as well as offer reference for future study on evaluating freshwater fish diversity. |
| Key words: Freshwater fish community structure functional diversity phylogenetic diversity Yarlung Tsangpo River |
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